DICTIONARY OF BUDDHISM

Sanskrit	Translation	Name	Description
Amitaba	Yoe Pa mey	-	Buddha of boundless light
Amrita	Duetse	-	Holy liquid/consecrated liquid used in vajrayana practices
Arhat	Dra- Chompa	-	One who has attained the result of Hinayana path by purifying the conflicting emotions and their causes.
-	Ten-Drel	Auspicious coincidence	Coming together of factor for a situation or event.
-	Bardo	Between Two	Gap of intermediate state between death and rebirth.
-	Jinlab	Blessing	Experience of bliss resulting from one’s devotion.
Sukha	Dhewa	Bliss	Calm Happiness
Bodhichitta	Jangchup Gi Sem	Mind of enlightenment	Develop love, kindness and compassion and deliver all sentient beings from samsara
Bodhisattva	Jangchup Sempa	Awaken being	Who has vowed to attain perfect buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient being.
Buddha	Sangye	Enlightened	Principal of enlightenment , shakyamuni Buddha.
Buddha Dharma	Sangye gi cho, tenpai tenpa	-	Teaching of Buddha/ Buddhism
-	Khorlo	Wheel Chakra	One of the five primary energy centers of the subtle body,located along the central channel at the crown of head, throat, heart, navel and genitals.
Avalokiteshvara	Chenrezig	-	Bodhisattva of compassion
Karuna	Nying-Jee	Compassion	Motivation and action of bodhisattva and the guiding principle of Mahayana path
Dakini	Khandroma	Space Walker	Female Yidham; Protector and messenger of Dharma.
Damaru	Trang Tring	-	Small hand drum, frequently used in vajrayana
Sukhavati	Dewachen	Great Bliss	Western pure land of Buddha.
Dharma	Choe	True Law	The buddhas teaching or the law governing all existence.
Dharmapala	Choe Chong	Dharma Protector	Protector of dharma/who protects the practitioners from deceiptions and obstacles
Dharmachakra	Choe Gi Khorlo	Wheel of Dharma	Preaching of Dharma
Dharmadhatu	Choe Ying	Sphere of Dharma	All encompassing space or unconditional totality in which all phenomena arise, dwell and cease.
Dharmakaya	Choeku	Body of Truth	Wisdom beyond any reference point.
-	Phakpai Dhenpa Zhi	Four Noble Truths	The truths that unenlightened existence is permeated by suffering; that the cause of suffering is delusion operating through dualistic clinging and the resulting emotional and karmic patterns;
-	go-sum	Three Gates	Body, speech, and mind. The three modes through which one relates to the phenomenal world.
Hinayana	Thek-chung, thek-men	lesser vehicle	The first of the three yams; aim of Hinayana practice is personal liberation from suffering.
Apramana	Tsa-Mey-Zhi	Immeasurable Four	A prayer recited specially during Ngondro practice.
Anitya	Mitakpa	Impermanence	The doctrine that the material world is characterized by constant change and non existence of phenomena.
Triratna	Koncho-Sum	Three Jewels	Buddha, Dharma and Sanga; the three objects of refuge.
-	Kalpa	-	sometimes reckoned at 4320 million years.
Kapala	Thoep	Skull cup	Symbolic human skull implement used in Vajrayana practices.
Karma	Ley	Action	The doctrine of cause and result; which states that one's present experience is a product of previous action and deeds and future depends on one's present conduct.
Klesha	NyongMong	Delusion	A mental state that produces conflicting emotions and confusion which distrubs mental and peace.
Guru	Lama	Superior Mother	A religious teacher or meditation teacher who has completed the traditional three years, three months retreat and appointed by his teacher.
-	Luung	Connection	A transmission blessing in which a master reads through a sadhana thereby empowering the hearer to practice dharma.
Mahakala	Yeshey Gonpo/ Nakpo Chenpo	Great black one	Cheif of Dharmapala, protector of dharma
Mahakali	Peldhen Lhamo	-	same as Mahakala
Mahamudra	Cha Gya Chenpo	Great symbol	Great seal, or ultimate nature of the mind, or another term for enlightment. Also mahamudra refers to meditative transmission handed down by kagyu school
Mahayana	Thek-Den	Great vehicle	The second teaching Buddha emphasized the importance of uniting compassion.
Maitreya	Jampa	Coming buddha	Buddha who will appear after shakyamuni.
Mandala	Kilkhor	Center and periphery	Arrangement of deities or their enblems in a form of circle representing pattern or group.
Manjushiri	Jampelyang	Gentle and glorious	God of wisdom
Mara	Dhue	Devil	tempter of shakyamuni, who appeared just prior to his attaining enlightment.
Mudra	Chak Gya	Sign, symbol	Any sort of symbol specially hand gesture.
-	Namo	Homage	Used most in begining of prayers to pay homage to buddha, deity or teacher.
Nirmanakaya	Trulku	emanation body	the buddha who takes form in a physical body for sentient beings.
Nirvana	Nya-nyen ley dhepa	Gone beyond suffering	ignorance of conflict and freedom from compulsive rebirth in samsaric sufferings.
Paramitas	Pha-rul tu Chinpa	Gone to the other side	The main practice of Mahayana.
prajnaparamita	sherub key pharul tu chinpa	perfection of knowledge	the sixth paramita.
-	Tokpa	Realization	The fruition of path, attainment of enlightment or of praticular higher practice
-	Chap-Dro	Refuge	taking the refuge vow, one formally becomes a buddhist.
-	Tsawai Lama	Root Teacher	One's main guru
Samadhi	Ting-Nge-Le-Dzin	fixing the mind/ meditative	A state of total unwaveringly
Samantabhadra	Kuntu Zangpo	All good	The primordial Dharmakaya buddha, blue in colour and naked, often depicted in consort of kuntu zangmo, white in colour.
Samaya	Dam-Tshik	Sacred words	Sacred vow which binds the practioner to his or her practice and lama.
Sambhogakaya	Longku	Enjoyment Body	The environment of compassion and communication.
Samsara	Khorwa	circumambulating	In contrast to nirvana, cycle of existence. Characterized by suffering.
Sangha	Gendun	Virtuous Ones	Sanga are all the practioners of Buddhism
Shunyata	Tongpa- Nyi	Emptiness	A doctrine emphasized in Mahayana, which stresses that all phenomena are devoid of inherent, concrete existence.
Tara	Drolma	Liberator lady	An emanation of Avalokiteshvara, Tara is said to have arisen from one of his tears. She removes fear and obstacles.
Bali	Torma	-	made of flour and molded butter, used as a shrine offering or represent deity.
Trikaya	Kusum	Three Bodies	Three aspects of Buddhahood;- Choeku, Longku and Trulku.
Triyana	Thekpa-Sum	-	Three stage or vehicles of practice
-	Dhenpa-Nyi	Two Truths	Ultimate truth is emptiness. Relative truth belongs to the conventional level of truth.
Vajradhara	Dorji Chhang	-	Name of Dharmakaya buddha.
Vajrayana	Dorji Thekpa	indestructible vehicle	The vehicle of tantra, holder of knowledge or insight.
Yana	Thekpa	Vehicle	The vehicle that carries the practitioners through to path to liberation.
Yoga	NyelJor	-	A psychophysical method of spiritual development, concerned with the direction of energy and consciousness.
Yogin/Yogini	Nyeljorpa/ Nyeljorma	-	A male or female practitioner of yoga

The Translations and texts are all being posted through research in websites and texts. Therefore it may not include all the translation and this is being posted only to help the meaning and its resembelence. Some text may differ in explanation but the consecutive meanings are same.